An access key, as the name suggests, is a file used to access a server.
Unlike a simple password, this file is a stronger way of storing access to a server. In the case of Linux, it is directly responsible for access. For Windows, it is used to recover the first generated access password – Windows does not support SSH access that can use this key to directly access a server.
All servers created at Amazon need to be linked to an access key. Default access is also done through this key.